题目（Title）： Local floods induce global abrupt failures of road networks

讲座人（Speaker）：汪伟平 博士

时间（Time）：2018-9-14（周五），上午11:00-12:00

地点（Venue）：灾后重建与管理学院C313

ABSTRACT

Twenty-first century climate change has induced catastrophic floods in many places around the world [1, 2]. The negative impact of climate change continues to expand and flood risk is increasing [3, 4]. Unlike other types of attack, floods are orientated and have a distinct trajectory. Although many studies have focused on failures in critical infrastructure systems caused by man-made attacks [5, 6], our knowledge of flood-induced failure in critical infrastructure systems is still inadequate. We examine the flooding in the road networks of China and the USA and study, numerically and analytically, the propagation properties of direct, indirect, and total failures caused by flooding and compare our findings with those from of random and targeted attacks. We found that:(i) the number of total failures caused by floods lies between that of random and localized attacks when the attack intensity is the same, (ii) total failures caused by floods and localized attacks exhibit spatial agglomerations, but those caused by random attacks are randomly distributed in space, (iii) direct failures are the main contributor of total failures caused by floods, but indirect failures are the main contributor of total failures caused by random and localized attacks, (iv) direct failures caused by floods can destroy more essential components than those of other types of attacks, and (v) some low-centrality nodes that seem insignificant in the network are the last line of defense against network collapse into several smaller connected components. Our results reveal several unique characteristics of flood-induced failures and should aid in crafting ways of reducing real-world flood risk.

SHORT BIOGRAPHY

汪伟平，男，北京师范大学减灾与应急管理研究院自然灾害专业博士。2014年毕业于华中农业大学数学系后，推荐免试至北京师范大学直接攻读博士学位研究生。2017年1月至2018年8月赴波士顿大学物理系进行联合培养，与美国科学院院士H.Eugene Stanely，导师杨赛霓，伦斯勒理工学院Jianxi Gao合作开展基础设施灾害风险分析的研究。获得过全国大学生数学建模竞赛一等奖，美国大学生数学建模竞赛一等奖和全国研究生数学建模竞赛一等奖，获得过十大科技之星、优秀毕业生、优秀团员、三好学生等称号。共获省级及以上奖项与荣誉 13项。研究工作主要涉及基础设施灾害风险分析与评估、全球气候变化下洪水模拟、应急疏散和管理、数学建模4个方面。发表2篇一作SCI，4篇SCI参与，1篇EI参与。发表2篇一作中文，7篇中文参与论文。3篇一作英文完成在投。参与导师等主持的国家重点研发计划，973项目，自然基金等项目。 主持中国人民财产保险股份有限公司灾害研究基金项目一项，两项国家大学生创新性实验计划。SCI期刊International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction的审稿人。

四川大学中国西部抗震中心

四川大学灾后重建与管理学院

四川大学建筑与环境学院

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